Milestones for June 14

1645 Naseby, England

Parliamentarians under Oliver Cromwell and Sir Thomas Fairfax defeat the Royalists, led by Prince Rupert of the Palatinate at the Battle of Naseby in Northamptonshire; New Model army victory turns the tide in.the English Civil War.

1777 Philadelphia, Pennsylvania

Continental Congress adopts John Adams' resolution, "that the flag of the thirteen United States shall be thirteen stripes, alternate red and white; that the union be thirteen stars, white on a blue field, representing a new constellation"; the Stars and Stripes becomes the official flag of the United States of America, replacing the Grand Union flag.

1800 Marengo, Italy

Napoleon defeats the Austrians at the Battle of Marengo, near Alessandria in northern Italy, during the War of the Second Coalition; the famous but easy to prepare dish Chicken Marengo is named after this battle.

1834 Washington, DC

Isaac Fischer Jr. of Springfield, Vermont, patents sandpaper.

1846 Sonoma, California

Yankees settlers in California storm a Spanish post and declare independence from Mexico; most Spanish were resigned to an American takeover, and it was sparked when Captain John C. Fremont of the Army Corps of Topographical Engineers showed up in Monterey with 60 armed men and raised the American flag, with apparently no authorization to do anything of the sort from the US government. When the rumour spread that Spanish Governor Castro was gathering forces to expel the Americans, the local settlers stormed Sonoma and proclaimed the Bear Flag Republic; their flag was white with a single star and stripe, a crude rendition of a bear, and the words California Republic; by July 1, Fremont had captured the Spanish presidio at San Francisco, and on the 7th, the US fleet declared "henceforth California will be a portion of the United States." [picture: original flag, destroyed in the San Francisco earthquake, and today's]

1847 Heidelberg, Germany

Chemist Robert von Bunsen invents the Bunsen gas burner, after accidentally blowing up his lab and being sent to hospital for a long period of time; the device allowed chemists to control a gas flame effectively; he later invented the Bunsen cell and the Bunsen photometer

1881 Washington, DC

John McTammany Jr, of Cambridge, Massachusett, patents the Player Piano; an early computing device using punched paper tape.

1940 Paris, France

German army occupies Paris, entering the city at 6:30 in the morning, then spreading out into the neighborhoods; by 11:00 am, the Swastika is flying from the Eiffel Tower. Also on this day in Oswecim, Poland, the Nazis open the Auschwitz concentration camp, which will be the place of execution of 3 million people, mainly Jews.

1951 Washington DC

The world's first commercial computer, the ENIAC company's UNIVAC 1 (UNIVersal Automatic Computer), enters service at the US Census Bureau; the machine is 8 feet high, 7-1/2 feet wide and 14-1/2 feet long, and is packed with vacuum tubes; it was the first to use magnetic tape instead of punched tape or cards; UNIVAC had an add time of 120 microseconds, multiply time of 1,800 microseconds, and divide time of 3,600 microseconds; its input consisted of magnetic tape with a speed of 12,800 charactors per second with a read-in speed of 100 inches per second, records at 20 charactors per inch, records at 50 charactors per inch, card-to-tape-converter 240 cards per minute, 80 column punched card input 120 characters per inch, and punched paper tape to magnetic tape converter 200 characters a second. Its output media/speed was magnetic tape/12,800 charactors per second, uniprinter/10-11 charactors per second, high speed printer/600 lines per minute, tape-to-card converter/120 cards per minute, Rad Lab buffer storage/Hg 3,500 microsecond, or 60 words.

1966 Vatican City

The Vatican announces the abolition of its Index of prohibited books.

Other Events

1535 06 14 Karel V's fleet sails under Andrea Doria to Tunis
1541 06 14 Duke Willem van Gulik of Gelre marries Jeanne d'Albret
1565 06 14 Catharina de Medici & Duke of Alva discuss Calvinism
1597 06 14 At 4:30 AM Willem Barents leaves Novaya Zemlya for Netherlands
1615 06 14 Jacques Le Maire sail to Zuidland/Terra Australis
1623 06 14 First breach-of-promise lawsuit: Rev Gerville Pooley, Va files against Cicely Jordan, he loses
1634 06 14 Russia & Poland sign Peace treaty of Polianov
1642 06 14 First compulsory education law in America passed by Massachusetts
1645 06 14 Battle at Naseby Leicester: New Model army under Oliver Cromwell & Thomas Fairfax beats royalists
1647 06 14 English New Model-army installed
1658 06 14 Battle at Dunes: English & French fleet beat Spanish
1673 06 14 Battle at Schooneveld: Michiel de Ruyter beats French/English fleet
1755 06 14 1e edition of Dr Johnsons Dictionary
1775 06 14 US Army founded
1777 06 14 Continental Congress adopts Stars & Stripes replacing Grand Union flag
1789 06 14 Capt William Blighs reaches Timor
1800 06 14 Battle of Marengo (Alessandria): Bonaparte vs Austria
1834 06 14 Hardhat diving suit patented by Leonard Norcross, Dixfield, Maine
1834 06 14 Isaac Fischer Jr patents sandpaper
1834 06 14 Sandpaper patented by Isaac Fischer Jr, Springfield, Vermont
1839 06 14 First Henley Regatta held
1841 06 14 First Canadian parliament opens in Kingston, Ontario
1846 06 14 Belgian Liberal Party forms
1846 06 14 California (Bear Flag) Republic proclaimed in Sonoma
1846 06 14 California declares independence from Mexico
1847 06 14 Robert von Bunsen invents the Bunsen burner
1850 06 14 Fire destroys part of SF
1861 06 14 Harpers Ferry evacuated by rebels in face of McClellan's advance
1863 06 14 Battle of 2nd Winchester, Virginia
1864 06 14 Congress rules Black soldiers must receive equal pay
1864 06 14 US Union warship USS Kearsarge appears at Cherbourg
1870 06 14 All-pro Cincinnati Red Stockings suffer first loss in 130 games
1876 06 14 First player to hit for cycle (George Hall, Phila Athletics)
1876 06 14 California Street Cable Car Railroad Co gets its franchise
1880 06 14 14th Belmont: L Hughes aboard Grenada wins in 2:47
1881 06 14 Player piano patented by John McTammany Jr (Cambridge, Mass)
1898 06 14 France signs Niger Convention
1900 06 14 Hawaiian Territorial Government begins
1901 06 14 First golf championship is played
1904 06 14 Dutch troops occupies Kuto Reh, Sumatra, killing all inhabitants
1906 06 14 Pogrom against Jews in Bialystok, Polish Russia
1907 06 14 Govt of Transvaal sends home 50,000 Chinese day workers
1907 06 14 Norway restricts woman's voting rights
1917 06 14 1e German air attack on England, 100+ killed in East-London
1917 06 14 Gen Pershing & his HQ staff arrived in Paris during WW I
1919 06 14 First nonstop air crossing of Atlantic (Alcock & Brown) leaves Nfld
1922 06 14 5th PGA Championship: Gene Sarazen at Oakmont CC Oakmont Pa
1922 06 14 Charles Hoffner wins PGA golf tournament
1922 06 14 Pres Harding is first US president to use radio, dedicating the Francis Scott Key memorial in Baltimore
1923 06 14 Recording of first country music hit (Little Old Log Cabin in the Lane)
1924 06 14 Test Cricket debuts of Herbert Sutcliffe & Maurice Tate v S Africa
1924 06 14 WOKO-AM radio begins transmitting from Albany NY
1926 06 14 2nd French Womens Tennis: Suzanne Lenglen beats Mary K Browne (61 60)
1928 06 14 Republican Natl Convention, met in KC, nominated Herbert Hoover
1929 06 14 Prussia & Vatican sign Concord
1930 06 14 VVGZ soccer team forms in Zwijndrecht
1931 06 14 French St Philbert overturns off St Nazaire France, drowns 450
1931 06 14 Reinhard Heydrichs first meeting with Himmler
1932 06 14 German govt of von Papen forms
1933 06 14 Lou Gehrig & Joe McCarthy thrown out of game, McCarthy suspended 3 games but Gehrig isn't, so he continues his streak at 1,249 games
1934 06 14 Hitler & Mussolini meet in Vienna
1934 06 14 Max Baer KO's Primo Carnera in 11 for HW box champ in Long Island City
1934 06 14 WOQ-AM in KC Missouri goes off the air
1935 06 14 Chaco War between Bolivia & Paraguay ends
1936 06 14 Oranienburg Concentration Camp opens
1938 06 14 Bradman scores 144* in first Test Cricket at Trent Bridge
1938 06 14 Chlorophyll patented by Benjamin Grushkin
1938 06 14 Dorothy Lathrop wins first Caldecott Medal (kid books author)
1940 06 14 Auschwitz concentration camp opens (3 million killed there)
1940 06 14 German U-47 sinks airship Balmoral
1940 06 14 German forces occupied Paris during WW II
1941 06 14 Ground broken for Boeing Plant II (ex-AFLC Plant 13) Wichita KS
1941 06 14 Estonia loses 11,000 inhabitants as a consequence of mass deportations into Siberia
1942 06 14 First bazooka rocket gun produced Bridgeport Ct
1942 06 14 Anne Frank begins her diary
1942 06 14 French govt of Reynaud resigns
1942 06 14 Walt Disney's Bambi animated movie is released Thumper's first job
1944 06 14 First B-29 raid against mainland Japan
1944 06 14 General Charles de Gaulle lands at Courselles France
1946 06 14 Canadian Library Association established
1948 06 14 Klemens Gottwald becomes president of Czechoslovakia
1949 06 14 State of Vietnam forms, Bao Dai installed as Emperor
1949 06 14 WROC TV channel 8 in Rochester, NY (NBC) begins broadcasting
1951 06 14 Courtin' Time opens at National Theater NYC for 37 performances
1951 06 14 First commercial computer, UNIVAC 1, enters service at Census Bureau
1952 06 14 52nd US Golf Open: Julius Boros shoots a 281 at Northwood Club Dallas
1952 06 14 Boston Brave Warren Spahn strikes out 18 Cubs in 15 innings
1952 06 14 General strike in Tunisia
1952 06 14 Jim Peters runs world record marathon (2:20:42.2)
1952 06 14 Keel laid for first nuclear powered sub Nautilus
1952 06 14 Braves Warren Spahn ties NL record of Jim Whitney with 18 strikeouts against the Cubs in 15-inning, 3-1 loss
1953 06 14 Eisenhower condemns McCarthy's book burning proposal
1953 06 14 Elvis Presley graduates from LC Humes High School in Memphis Tenn
1953 06 14 Military coup by general Gustavo Rojas Pinilla in Colombia
1953 06 14 Yanks sweep Indians 6-2, 3-0 before 74,708 win streak at 18 straight
1954 06 14 Pres Eisenhower signs order adding words under God to the Pledge
1956 06 14 New Faces of 1956 opens at Barrymore Theater NYC for 221 perfs
1957 06 14 42.0 cm rain falls on East St Louis, Illinois (state record)
1957 06 14 Edouard Carpentier beats Lou Thesz, to become NWA wrestling champ
1958 06 14 58th US Golf Open: Tommy Bolt shoots a 283 at Southern Hills in Tulsa
1958 06 14 British parachutists lands on Cyprus
1958 06 14 Nelson Mandela weds Winnie Madikizela
1959 06 14 Beverly Hanson wins LPGA American Women's Golf Open
1961 06 14 106躘, hottest temperature in SF
1963 06 14 NY Met Duke Snider hits his 400th HR
1963 06 14 Valery Bykovsky in Vostok 5 orbits earth 81 times in 5 days
1964 06 14 Clifford Ann Creed wins LPGA Lady Carling Golf Open
1965 06 14 Beatles release album Beatles VI
1965 06 14 Cincinnati Red Jim Maloney no-hits NY Mets but loses in 11, 1-0
1965 06 14 John Lennon's 2nd book A Spaniard in the Works is published
1966 06 14 Dutch police beat construction workers, 60 injured
1966 06 14 Miami beats St Petersburg (Florida State League) 4-3 in 29 innings longest uninterrupted game in organized baseball
1967 06 14 Mariner 5 Launch (Venus Flyby)
1967 06 14 Steve Allen Show, premieres on CBS-TV
1967 06 14 USSR launches Kosmos 166 for observation of Sun from Earth orbit
1968 06 14 Off duty Dutch military permitted to wear regular clothing
1969 06 14 John & Yoko appear on David Frost's British TV Show
1969 06 14 Oakland A's Reggie Jackson gets 10 RBIs to beat Red Sox 21-7
1970 06 14 Cincinnati Red Stockings loses first game after winning 130 straight
1972 06 14 Hurricane Agnes kills 117
1973 06 14 46th National Spelling Bee: Barrie Trinkle wins spelling vouchsafe
1974 06 14 Angels' Nolan Ryan strikes out 19 Red Sox in 12 innings
1975 06 14 45th French Womens Tennis: Chris Evert beats M Navratilova (26 62 61)
1975 06 14 Janis Ian releases At 17
1975 06 14 USSR launches Venera 10 for Venus landing
1976 06 14 Gong Show premieres on TV (syndication)
1976 06 14 12th Mayor's Trophy Game Yanks beat Mets 8-4
1978 06 14 Down 9-7 in 10th with 2 outs, Yanks Paul Blair hits a 3 run HR
1978 06 14 Sierra Leone adopts constitution
1979 06 14 Canada all out 45 in Cricket World Cup v England, in 40 3 overs
1979 06 14 NY Giants Willie McCovey 513th HR is an NL lefty record
1979 06 14 Rock group Little Feat disbands
1980 06 14 Theme From NY, NY by Frank Sinatra hits #32
1981 06 14 27th LPGA Championship won by Donna Caponi Young
1981 06 14 No Nukes concert at Hollywood Bowl
1982 06 14 Argentina surrenders to Britain on Falkland Is, ends 74-day conflict
1983 06 14 5 killed in a fire at a Ramada Inn in Fort Worth, Tx
1984 06 14 Southern Baptist convention decide on no women clergy members
1985 06 14 Michael Nesmith In Television Parts premieres on NBC-TV
1985 06 14 Earl Weaver comes out of retirement to manage Balt Orioles
1985 06 14 Lebanese Shiite Muslim extremists hijacked TWA Flight 847
1987 06 14 A Team, last aired on NBC-TV after 4� years
1987 06 14 41st NBA Championship: LA Lakers beat Boston Celtics, 4 games to 2
1987 06 14 4th full-duration test firing of redesigned SRB motor
1987 06 14 Colleen Walker wins LPGA Mayflower Golf Classic
1988 06 14 Woman sues Chuck Berry for $5,000,000 alleges he hit her
1989 06 14 Ground breaking begins in Minn on world's largest mall
1989 06 14 Nolan Ryan becomes 2nd pitcher to defeat all 26 teams
1989 06 14 Queen Elizabeth II knights Ronald Reagan
1989 06 14 Rocker Carol King gets a star in Hollywood's walk of fame
1989 06 14 Zsa Zsa Gabor arrested for slaping Beverly Hills motorcycle patrolman
1990 06 14 44th NBA Championship: Det Pistons beat Por Trailblazers, 4 games to 1
1990 06 14 Date of the events in the movie Mr Destiny
1990 06 14 NL announces plans to expand from 12 to 14 teams for 1993 season
1990 06 14 Supreme Court rules police check for drunk drivers constitutional
1991 06 14 Robin Hood: Prince of Thieves opens
1991 06 14 Leroy Burrell of USA sets 100m record (9.90) in NYC
1991 06 14 Space Shuttle STS 40 (Columbia 12) lands
1992 06 14 10th Seniors Players Golf Championship: Dave Stockton
1992 06 14 46th NBA Championship: Chic Bulls beat Port Trailblazers, 4 games to 2
1992 06 14 Anne-Marie Palli wins ShopRite LPGA Golf Classic
1992 06 14 Mona Van Duyn is named first female US poet laureate
1992 06 14 Ozzie Smith breaks Roy McMillan's NL mark by taking part in his 1,305th career double play
1993 06 14 Japanese space probe Sakigake passes Earth
1993 06 14 Tansu Ciller appointed first female premier of Turkey
1994 06 14 Stanley Cup: NY Rangers beat Vancouver Canucks, 4 games to 3
1995 06 14 49th NBA Championship: Houston Rockets sweep Orlando Magic in 4 games
1995 06 14 Giants infielder Mike Benjamin goes 6-for-7 in 13-inning 4-3 win
1996 06 14 Cable Guy starring Jim Carrey is released
1996 06 14 Karl Krikken out handled the ball for Derbyshire v Indians
1998 06 14 Comic Relief benefit comedy show
1998 06 14 World Bowl in Frankfurt Germany
1998 06 14 wins Oldsmobile Golf Classic

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